Tirzepatide: how a dual GIP and GLP-1 agonist actually works
Tirzepatide hits two incretin receptors instead of one, and it does not hit them equally. Here is the pharmacology behind the imbalance, and what the SURPASS and SURMOUNT trials reported.
Articles
6 articles.
Retatrutide and the TRIUMPH programme: what the trials show
The triple agonist adds a third receptor to the GLP-1 template. Here is what the Phase 2 data reported, what the Phase 3 TRIUMPH trials are showing, and why it remains investigational.
Vials, click-dial pens, and fixed-dose pens: how the formats differ
What each delivery format actually is, why a pen can also arrive as a powder, and the honest trade-offs between flexibility, handling, and cold storage.
GLP-1 peptides: the complete research guide
What the GLP-1 class actually is, how single, dual, and triple receptor agonists differ, what the trials report, and where each compound stands on approval.
How to read a peptide Certificate of Analysis (COA)
What HPLC purity, mass-spec identity, and net peptide content actually mean, and how to sanity-check a COA before you buy.
Semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide: how the three GLP-1s compare
One targets a single receptor, one targets two, one targets three. Here is what the current research says about how they differ, and where each stands on approval.